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Conventional diesel combustion exhibits the trade-off relationship between reduction of NOx and soot emissions. The strategies for reducing soot increase NOx; for example increasing injection pressure and swirl ratio reduce soot, but increase NOx in the conventional diesel combustion. High levels of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) also reduce NOx but increase soot. It is well known that NOx emissions are largely dependent on the equivalence ratios of air-fuel mixture. NOx emissions reach maximum value when combustion occurs near stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. However, it can be lowered when mixture is over-rich or over-lean. Generally speaking, soot emission is largely produced during the diffusion combustion, but it is very low during the premixed combustion. Therefore researchers attempt to mix fuel and air as homogeneous as possible prior to ignition to achieve the premixed combustion (Kimura et al.,1999,2001; Hasegawa & Yanagihara,2003;Takeda et al.,1996; Shimazaki et al.,1999). Studies show that homogeneous charge premixed mixture low-temperature combustion can simultaneously reduce NOx and soot emissions(Nandha & Abraham,2002;Walter & Gatellier,2002; Lewander et al.,2008;Husberg et al.,2005;Lejeune et al.,2004).

Experimental Investigation on Premixed Combustion in a Diesel Engine with Ultra-Multihole Nozzle