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The production of Shiga toxins (Verotoxins) is a characteristic trait of some strains of Escherichia coli. Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), also called Verotoxinproducing E. coli (VTEC), were first described by Konowalchuk et al. in 1977 by their cytotoxic activity on African green monkey kidney (Vero) cells (Konowalchuk et al. 1977). STEC of serotype O157:H7 were linked to cases of Haemorrhagic Colitis (HC) and to the consumption of STECcontaminated meat of bovine origin for the first time in 1982 (Karmali et al. 2010; Riley et al. 1983). Since 1982, hundreds of outbreaks of disease caused by STEC O157 and non-O157 strains have been reported in different countries and geographical regions of the world. A growing number of genetic variants of Shiga toxins 1 + 2 (Stx1 and Stx2) were identified and today more than 400 serotypes of E. coli strains isolated from human patients were found associated with Stx production (Scheutz and Strockbine 2005).

Evaluation of an Immuno-Chromatographic Detection System for Shiga Toxins and the E. coli O157 Antigen