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The present studies on renaturalization of river valleys, river beds as well as quantitative estimation of water demand of protected hydrogenic habitats exposed to flooding, in many cases require application of flooding flow models. The state of fluviogenic ecosystems is dependent mostly on the conditions of their hydrological alimentation by flooding waters. The possibility of particular swamp vegetation occurrence on those areas is related to the presence of annual floods of certain duration and depth. So there is a significant relationship between the plant communities’ pattern and persisting hydrological conditions. The most important hydrological characteristics, conditioning of the growth and the development of swamp vegetation, are, first of all (Oswit, 1991; Hooijer, 1996; Zalewski et al., 1997): inundation surface, mean inundation depth, the frequency and the duration of inundation. That indicates that there is a very strong relationship between a vegetation structure and water conditions. On the other hand, floodplain vegetation significantly affects flood extent in the valley. Hydrodynamic models coupled with GIS techniques make it possible to obtain necessary data for the determination of abovementioned hydrological characteristics. They are also tools which facilitate estimation of the influence of different river valley management methods on hydraulic conditions of water flow. They can be applied in the process of decision-making for: projects, investments and operational activities in the field of flood protection and environmental impact assessment.

intech ebooks

Unsteady 1D Flow Model of Natural Rivers with Vegetated Floodplain - An Application to Analysis of Influence of Land Use on Flood Wave Propagation in the Lower Biebrza Basin