English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

The arenaviruses are part of a growing viral family denominated Arenaviridae. Currently, there are 22 recognized members (Salvato et al., 2005), listed in Table 1. Based on the geographic origin and distribution of their hosts, the arenaviruses can be classified in two groups: the New World Arenaviruses (NWA) and the Old World Arenaviruses (OWA). The first group comprised native American arenaviruses, while the Old World group is conformed by African viruses and the ubiquitous Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). This geographic distribution is determined by the species host range, with LCMV as the only one arenavirus with a worldwide distribution, mainly because Mus musculus is its rodent reservoir. Specific members of Neotominae and Sigmodontinae from the Cricetidae rodent’s family are the principal hosts for the New World Arenaviruses (Cajimat et al., 2007). From these 22 recognized species, only 6 were consistently detected in humans and were related to a set of clinical symptoms that allowed to establish the description of a disease: Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis (LCM, caused by LCMV), Lassa Fever (LF caused by LASV), Argentine Hemorrhagic Fever (AHF, caused by JUNV), Bolivian Hemorrhagic Fever (BHF, caused by MACV), Venezuelan Hemorrhagic Fever (VHF, caused by GTOV), and Brazilian Hemorrhagic Fever (BrHF, caused by SABV). The physiopathology of the hemorrhagic fevers produced by NWA is very similar. AHF and BHF were described in the middle of the twentieth century. GTOV was isolated from humans during an epidemic outbreak (at first mistaken for hemorrhagic dengue) that happened in Venezuela (Salas et al., 1991). Because GTOV and PIRV share the same (geographic) area, different studies were made with the aim of predicting a re-emergence of a Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever variant (Cajimat & Fulhorst, 2004). The Brazilian hemorrhagic fever was established from a human fatal case, isolating the SABV (Lisieux et al., 1994). Recently, a serological screening for arenavirus among the population of Nova Xavantina, State of Mato Grosso in Brazil, show that 1,4% of the serum samples presented antibody titers against arenavirus (Machado et al., 2010).

Molecular Attenuation Process in Live Vaccine Generation for Arenaviruses