English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Studies on the effects of low doses of ionizing radiation (IR) on living organisms in the last decade have received considerable development. There are numerous investigations that contribute to our knowledge of how post-radiation processes develop, and after small and low-intensity doses of IR in particular. Nevertheless discussions about the quantitative threshold of radiation dose have been continued. A linear non-threshold (LNT) model has been accepted as a basic standard for radiation protection and risk estimates over many years. The LNT model postulates a linear dependence of biological effects on IR dose. Also, this model suggests that low-dose induced damage does not markedly contribute to the risk because a great deal of endogenous (spontaneous) lesions to the genome continuously arise and are repaired in the cell. However there is considerable experimental evidence that allows the suggestion that IR-induced DNA lesions increase linearly with dose, but the reaction of cells to these lesions and the efficiency of repair of most critical injuries may be nonlinear (Tubiana et al., 2006). Low radiation doses may increase the risk of cancer development (NRC, 2006, Brenner et al., 2003) and, probably, of non-cancer pathologies (Hildebrandt, 2010). Though the notion of “low doses” is not formally determined, this dose interval is defined in many reports as ≤ 100-200 mSv. In the BEIR VII report of the National Academy of Sciences of USA, the low dose is determined as a dose not exceeding 100 mSv (NRC, 2006). Most likely, such doses (not more than 100 mSv) may be considered as “low doses”. To the point, 100 mSv exceeds nearly 100 times the average yearly natural background (~1.0 mGy) of low linear energy transfer (LET). This paper is a review of studies of cellular response to the critical DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation. Mechanisms are elucidated that limit the efficiency of repair of such lesions arising in cells irradiated with low doses of ionizing radiation. However, the analysis requires clarification of specific differences between the DNA damage induced by IR and endogenous lesions.

Limited Repair of Critical DNA Damage in Cells Exposed to Low Dose Radiation