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Space Exploration, one of the hardest achieved successes of mankind, is defined as all activities geared towards exploration of outer space using either space technology or observations from Earth, though sometimes the latter is not considered as part of space exploration (Logsdon; 2008). In this chapter, we will exclude observations from the Earth or the low Earth orbit (LEO) and scientific LEO missions that explore plasma sphere, which deserve dedicated study, especially because the opportunities cubesats offer to newcomers who want to contribute to space science (Woellert et al., 2010). While exploring our planet from its core to the surface and beyond, space studies has provided good leverage for science, technology and spin-off applications. Since the beginning of the space age, whose onset is generally accepted as the year 1957 when Sputnik-1 was launched, our knowledge about outer space has increased at an accelerating pace, an achievement made possible by developments in space technology. Mankind has succeeded to send satellites, landers, and rovers to other planets and their satellites, built an orbiting space station, analysed samples of other planets’ soil, atmosphere and magnetosphere, performed regular launches to various earth orbits, planned regular touristic rides to space and even sent men to the Moon.

How Newcomers Will Participate in Space Exploration