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This study will present contemporary methods of the knee osteoarthrosis (OA) diagnosis – arthrosonography and biomarkers, which are applied and recommended in the modern practice. Advantages of ultrasound diagnostics (arthrosonography) and serum biomarkers in rheumatologic diagnostics will be documented through this research which applied these methods. Ultrasound has become an integral part of clinical practice and is applied in many fields of medicine, however, in rheumatology it has not been fully recognized yet. Appliance of biomarkers in knee osteoarthrosis diagnosis is considerably a more expensive method, and has not been usually used for this purpose. It is very precise though in detection of changes in knee joint with osteoarthrosis. The goal of this study is to affirm the ultrasound diagnostic method for many advantages it has comparing to other methods which have been used as routine, and to recommend it as a important part of clinical rheumatologic checkup. The following methods are usually used for visualisation of knee joint: radiography, nuclear magnet resonance, computerised tomography, arthroscopy and arthrography. The most commonly applied and routine diagnostic method is radiography. However, the conventional radiography and computerised tomography are the methods without possibility of direct visualisation of the joint cartilage. Narrowing of the joint area is only an indirect indication of a joint damage, and early changes on the cartilage cannot be evaluated (Batalov et al.,2000). Nuclear magnetic resonance provides direct information on changes in different joint tissues, which is why it is nowadays appropriate for the knee osteoarthrosis diagnosis. However, its appliance is limited due to the very expensive medical examination. Methods of direct visualisation of the joint cartilage are arthrography and arthroscopy, which are less used in clinical practice, due to their invasiveness and limited indications.

Biomarkers and Ultrasound in the Knee Osteoarthrosis Diagnosis