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Malignant transformation of cells resulting from enhanced proliferation, aberrant differentiation, and impaired ability to die is the prime reason for abnormal tissue growth, which can eventually turn into uncontrolled expansion and invasion, characteristic of cancer (Hanahan and Weinberg, 2011). Such transformation is often accompanied by changes in ion channel expression and, consequently, by abnormal progression of the cellular responses with which they are involved. The first important role ascribed to plasma membrane ion channels, over 60 years ago, was their participation in cellular electrogenesis and electrical excitability. However, numerous subsequent studies have firmly established the contribution of ion channels to virtually all basic cellular behaviors, including such crucial ones for maintaining tissue homeostasis as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis (Lang et al., 2005; Razik and Cidlowski, 2002; Schonherr, 2005). The major mechanisms via which ion channels contribute to these crucial processes include: providing the influx of essential signaling ions, regulating cell volume, and maintaining membrane potential. Malignant transformation of cells resulting from enhanced proliferation, aberrant differentiation, and impaired ability to due is the prime reason for abnormal tissue growth, which can eventually turn into uncontrolled expansion and invasion, characteristic of cancer (Chaffer and Weinberg, 2011). This review focuses on the aspects prostate tumour carcinogenesis influenced by various ion channels belonging to a large superfamily of Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels and how dysfunctions and/or misregulations of these channels may influence the development and progression of prostate cancer.

TRP-Channels and Human Prostate Carcinogenesis