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Adipose tissue plays an important role in energy homeostasis and in innate immune system (Bastard et al, 2006, Desruisseaux et al, 2007). Obesity is characterized by excessive accumulation of abdominal fat, which is known to play an important role in development of chronic inflammation, atherosclerosis, increased risk in cardiovascular disorders and diabetes (Rajala and Sherer, 2003). Pro-inflammatory adipokines, TNF-┙, IL-1┚ and IL-6 are secreted by a variety of cell type, including adipocytes (Desruisseaux et al, 2007, Trayhurn and Wood, 2005). In obesity, these adipokines which are up-regulated in adipose tissue producing a chronic activation of the innate immune system (Bastard et al, 2006), exercise a local (TNF-┙, IL-1┚ and IL-6 ) and systemic (IL-1┚ and IL-6) effect. During inflammation, the mature adipocytes of adipose tissue are responsible for increasing production of pro-inflammatory adipokines (Simons et al., 2005), including tumor necrosis factor (TNF-┙), IL-1┚, IL-6 and leptin and decreasing the anti-inflammatory adipokines, IL10 and adiponectin (Guilherme et al., 2008). That disregulation contributes to obesity and chronic inflammation (Ouchi et al., 2003). In addition to inflammatory adipokines secretion, adipocytes are also responsible of leptin synthesis. Leptin is a hormone that plays an important role in the regulation of body mass index (BMI) through the effects on appetite and on energetic expenditure as it encourages catabolic pathways versus anabolic pathways through their effects on 5’-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in muscle and liver (Rajala and Sherer, 2003). Furthermore, leptin can modulate the proliferation and differentiation of lymphoid cells from immune system and can induce the inflammatory response (Desruisseaux et al, 2007). Also, leptin can lead protrombotic states by the stimulation of plaquetary aggregation at the same time that inhibits the coagulation and fibrinolisis showing a pro-atherosclerotic effect (Wu et al., 2006). Adiponectin is a hormone exclusively synthesized in mature adipocytes. Adiponectin is down-regulated in obesity, diabetes type 2 and coronary diseases. It present antiinflammatory activity, inhibiting the synthesis of TNF-┙ in adipocytes and in macrophages

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Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Oregano (Origanum vulgare) Essentials Oils Show some In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Effects Based on Modifying Adipokine Secretion and Gene Expression on TNF-a-Induced Adipocytes