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Eating disorders such as Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, not otherwise specified eating disorders, and binge eating disorder are on the rise in collegiate athletes and aesthetic dancers (Greenleaf, Petrie, Carter, & Reel, 2009; Johnson, Powers, & Dick, 1999; TorresMcGehee et al., 2009; Torres-McGehee, Monsma, Gay, Minton, & Mady, In Press). Due to the nature of specific sports and pressures of sport participation, eating disorder symptoms and etiology in athletes are slightly different than their non-athletic counterparts. Therefore, it is critical that treatment for eating disorders is unique to athletes. Preferably, the treatment of the athlete should be multi-dimensional (e.g., psychosocial interventions, nutritional management, and pharmacological interventions when necessary). Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa in the early 1900s was considered a biologically based disease resulting from hormonal insufficiencies; therefore, treatment focused on correcting hormonal imbalances such as pituitary extract, insulin, estrogen, thyroid extract, and corticosteroids (Brumberg, 1998; Parry-Jones, 1985). Incorporation of psychotherapy was integrated as part of treatment in the 1930s. Bulimia on the other hand was not defined as a specific eating disorder until the late 1970s (Russel, 1979); and treatment then was primarily centered around eliminating patient’s hungry appetites by imposing strict diets and prescribing medicines that were supposed to warm the stomach creating a sensation of being full. Additionally, individuals who have clinical eating disorders, like Bulimia, characteristically have low mood and higher-than-average levels of depressive symptoms, and are at greater risk of clinical depression (Fairburn et al., 1999; Fisher et al., 1995; Palmer, 1998; Muscat & Long, 2008). It was theorized by Koenig and Wasserman (1995) that the high rates of co-morbidity found between eating disorders and depression may, in part, be caused by common features such as negative self-evaluation and general dissatisfaction with one’s physical appearance (Muscat & Long, 2008). It is plausible that precursors to binge-eating which is the disordered eating behavior that can lead to Bulimia appear to be depression symptoms and low self-esteem. Therefore, psychologists integrate strategies to alleviate depressed mood that is often plagued with Bulimia Nervosa (Gleaves., 2000). Current treatments focus on both the underlying psychopathologies and the obvious behaviors using protocols including: individual, family, and group psychotherapy; nutritional counseling; medications; exercise therapy, and experiential therapies (e.g., art, music, movement). This chapter will examine current treatment and prognosis strategies for comorbid conditions among collegiate athletes. The goal of this chapter is to provide

Treatment Strategies for Eating Disorders in Collegiate Athletics