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Novel, distinct adhesive systems have been described for a wide range of marine species (Kamino, 2008). These highly effective, natural materials provide a link between biological science and material science, and can serve as models on which new, bioinspired synthetic materials could be based. These various adhesive systems have developed independently, on many occasions, and provide a wide range of opportunities for the development of new, biologically-inspired adhesives. The natural adhesives include, for example, the marine mussel (Mytilus sp.) (Lin et al., 2007), barnacle (Nakano et al., 2007) and stickleback (Jones et al., 2001) adhesives, which are protein-based, as well as sponge, certain algal and marine bacterial adhesives (Mancuso-Nichols et al., 2009) that are polysaccharide-based. In the present paper, we examine the adhesive system found associated with the Cuvierian tubules of a holothurian species (sea cucumber), Holothuria dofleinii. This is an example of the particularly rapid marine adhesive that is found on the surface of Cuvierian tubules when they are expelled (DeMoor et al., 2003; Muller et al., 1972; VandenSpiegel & Jangoux, 1987). The unique nature of this natural adhesive system, especially its rapid action under water, has suggested that if the mechanism can be understood, then it may prove to be possible to mimic the adhesive through biotechnology and/or synthetic chemistry. An adhesive that functions readily in an aqueous environment would be particularly valuable, especially in medical applications, as the majority of existing adhesives bind to dry surfaces more strongly than the same surfaces when wet. Cuvierian tubules provide a host defence mechanism for certain species of holothurians (Lawrence, 2001; VandenSpiegel & Jangoux, 1987). It has long been known that, on expulsion, the Cuvierian tubules fill with liquid and lengthen, become sticky and rapidly

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Biomimetic Materials as Potential Medical Adhesives – Composition and Adhesive Properties of the Material Coating the Cuvierian Tubules Expelled by Holothuria dofleinii