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The development of a new generation of solid-state lasers has resulted in unique conditions for irradiating laser targets by light pulses, with radiation intensity ranging from 1017 to 1021 W/cm2 and a duration of 20 1000 fs. At such intensities, the laser pulse produces superstrong electric fields which could not be obtained earlier and considerably exceed the atomic electric field of strength Ea = 5.14109 V/cm. In these conditions, there arises a new physical picture of laser pulse interaction with plasma produced when the pulse leading edge or a pre-pulse affects solid targets. Laser radiation is rather efficiently transformed into fluxes of fast charged particles such as electrons and atomic ions. The latter interact with the ambient material of the target, which leads to the generation of hard X-rays, when inner atomic shells are ionized, and to various nuclear and photonuclear reactions. One important area in investigating the interaction of sub-picosecond laser pulses with solid targets is related to the important role which arising superstrong quasistatic magnetic fields and electronic structures play in laser plasma dynamics. This area of research became most attractive after carrying out the direct measurements of quasistatic magnetic fields on the Vulcan laser system (Great Britain) (Tatarakis et al., 2002), in particular, after the pinch effect has been found experimentally in laser plasma (Beg et al., 2004). The relativistic character of laser radiation with intensity I is realized at the magnitude of a dimensionless parameter a > 1. This parameter represents the dimensionless momentum of the electron oscillating in the electric field of linearly polarized laser radiation and can be expressed as

Fast Charged Particles and Super-Strong Magnetic Fields Generated by Intense Laser Target Interaction