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The highest human population density in British Columbia, Canada is situated around the shores of the Strait of Georgia, where current government policy is focusing early efforts toward achieving ecosystem-based management of marine resources. Climate regime shifts are acknowledged to have affected commercial fishery production in southern British Columbia (McFarlane et al., 2000), and overfishing is well documented in the Strait of Georgia region for a variety of important species, to the extent that Rockfish Conservation Areas have been created (Marliave & Challenger, 2009). As CO2 levels rise in the atmosphere, the oceans become progressively more acidic. While ocean acidification is predicted to be a great threat to marine ecosystems, little is known about its ecosystem impacts. Few taxpayer-funded studies have committed to long-term monitoring of full ecosystem biodiversity. This document presents results of over forty years of private taxonomic monitoring of shallow seafloors in the region centering on the Strait of Georgia. Also presented are records of ambient ocean acidity levels (pH), documented continuously by the Vancouver Aquarium through the same time period. Biodiversity data are summarized in ways that enable visualization of possible relationships to climate regimes and ocean acidification. This work does not attempt statistical analyses, in the hope that the data trends can be incorporated into future models. Biodiversity survey data can reveal fundamental differences in community function, as with the disparate trophic complexity and rockfish nursery capacity of glass sponge gardens versus reefs (Marliave et al., 2009). Trophic cascades can be elucidated when coupling biodiversity surveys with transect abundance surveys (Frid & Marliave, 2010). It has been suggested that biodiversity provides more accurate definition of climate regime shifts than does physical oceanographic data (Hare & Mantua, 2000) and the abundance, survival and spawning distribution of commercial fish species have been linked to decadal-scale changes in ocean and climate conditions (McFarlane et al., 2000). Ocean acidification can detrimentally impact anti-predator behaviors of fish (Dix et al., 2010). Ocean acidification is most intensive in the geographic area of the NE Pacific Ocean

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Biodiversity Stability of Shallow Marine Benthos in Strait of Georgia, British Columbia, Canada Through Climate Regimes, Overfishing and Ocean Acidification