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The purpose of this chapter is to analyze different lenses and fibers, in order to find the best solution for the compensation of the laser pulse dispersion. We generate a laser pulse which is captured by an image acquisition system. The system consists of a laser, an optical fiber and a CMOS senor. In figure 1, we use a confocal resonator to generate the laser pulse; then the generated light is focused into an optical fiber using a lens; the light is propagated through the fiber and at the output of the fiber the light is projected on a CMOS sensor. For the same system, we propose three different combinations in which different lenses and fibers are used in order to compensate the dispersion of a laser pulse at propagation through the image acquisition system. Laser generates Hermite Gaussian modes. We use the fundamental mode which is the Gaussian pulse. This pulse spreads at propagation through the free space. In order to avoid the spreading, we focus the pulse into an optical fiber using different lenses. Also the lenses suffer of chromatic dispersion. In order to decrease the effect of the chromatic dispersion, we design and analyze the functionality of a singlet, an achromatic doublet and an apochromat. At the output of the lens the pulse is focalized into an optical fiber. We take in consideration the step index fiber, the graded index fiber and self phase modulation fiber. The step index fiber suffers of intermodal dispersion, an alternative solution is to use the grade index fiber and the best solution is provided by the self phase modulation fiber. Finally, at the output of the fiber the light spreads on the CMOS sensor. During the functionality of the senor it introduces different temporal and spatial noises which degrade the quality of the pulse. Consequently, we have to reconstruct the image of the pulse using the Laplace, the amplitude and the bilateral filters.

Dispersion of a Laser Pulse at Propagation Through an Image Acquisition System