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Deep understanding of fire damage triggered by combustion of electric wires is one of important issue in terms of the fire safety of automated facilities, such as factories, power plant etc. Combustion process of electric wire is, nevertheless, quite complicated since it consists of multi-phase, multi-dimensional time-dependent heat and mass transfer with chemical reactions in each phase and several fundamental processes are equally important so that it is relatively hard to simplify the system. Unlikely the conventional solid combustion, the metal rod in the wire could play an important role to determine the combustion process of the wire (Bakhman et al., 1981a, 1981b). In this way, the thermal interaction between the metal rod and surrounded insulated matter (mainly polymeric materials) is a leading key process in understanding the fire character of the wire (Umemura et al., 2002). However, this is not only the matter of concern; we have much serious problem to face with. As pointed, the combustible of electric wire is mainly the polymeric material surrounded by the (conductive) metal rod and the polymer does “melt” during the fire event. The shape of liquefied polymer freely modifies and sometimes tremendously deforms, thus, the precise tracking of the liquid-gas interface is one of important task since the major chemical reaction at the interface should govern the overall gasification rate (Blasi, 1991; Ross, 1994), i.e., gas-phase combustion behavior. As summarized, in order to predict the precise process of electric wire, the following three processes need to be modeled properly: 1) three-phase induced by chemical reactions (e.g., degraded pyrolysis), 2) deformation of interface of liquid phase, 3) heat transfer between metal rod and surrounded polymer (either melted and solid). Our ultimate goal is to understand each contribution properly and develop simplified model of wire combustion. To this date, the precise experimental observation of combustion behavior of electric wire has been performed by authors’ group (Nakamura et al., 2008a, 2008b, 2009), as shown schematically in Fig. 1. It shows the magnified still image of spreading flame over the specially-designed “model” wire (polyethylene-coated on the several kind of metal wires.

A Numerical Study on Time-Dependent Melting and Deformation Processes of Phase Change Material (PCM) Induced by Localized Thermal Input