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Glutaraldehyd-fixed heart valve prostheses with long durability and function are desirable as a treatment option of heart valve disease. They do not require chronic anticoagulation therapy, however break down quickly in young patients ( 15 years in patients older than 70 years. It is generally accepted that the break down of bioprosthetic heart valves is due to calcification occurring because of immunologic and chemical processes. Thus, new nanotechnological methods in combination with chemical and biochemical procedures concerning detoxification and titanization of glutardialdehydefixed collagen scaffolds are applied on glutardialdehyde fixed pericardial samples. Nanotechnology with titanium using a plasma application under high alternating current, developed elsewhere (GfE Nurnberg, Germany, patent number EP 0 897 997 A1) might decrease the immune response caused by coating and improve endothelialization by detoxification and the biocompatibility of titanium. A plasma-activated surface of collagen allows a titanization under room temperature described later on. Immune response with secondary dystrophic calcification may be why glutaraldehyde fixed xenograft valves fail, especially in young patients. Hypothesis is, detoxification and titanization may reduce immunologic reactions and enable an endothelialization.

Nano- Coating with Titanium of Glutaraldehyde- Fixed Heart Valve Prostheses Enables a Reduced Immune Response and a Self-Seeding Within Circulation