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The Neotectonic evolution of Turkey has been dominated by the collision of the African and Arabian plates with the Eurasian plate along Hellenic arc to the west and the Bitlis-Zagros suture zone to the east. The Eastern Anatolian Contractional Province (EACP) including the Eastern Anatolian High Plateau (EAHP) and the Bitlis-Poturge Thrust Zone (BPTZ) consists of an amalgamation of fragments of oceanic and continental crusts that squezzed and shortened between the Arabian and Eurasian plates. This collisional and contractional zone is being accompanied by the tectonic escape of most of the Anatolian plate to the west by major strike-slip faulting on the right-lateral North Anatolian Transform Fault Zone (NATFZ) and left-lateral East Anatolian Transform Fault Zone (EATFZ) which meet at Karliova forming an east-pointing cusp (Figure 1). The present-day crust in the area between the easternmost part of the Anatolian plate and the Arabian Foreland gets thinner from north (ca 44 km) to south (ca 36 km) relative to its eastern (EAHP) and western sides (central Anatolian region). The contraction and thickening of the crust to ca 50-52 km (Dewey et al., 1986; Pearce et al., 1990) in the collisional zone has been accompanied by the tectonic escape of most of the Anatolian crustal block (Anatolian wedge in Dewey et al., 1986; Anatolian platelet in Kocyigit et al., 2001; Anatolian plate in Yilmaz et al., 1998; Anatolian block in Lyberis et al., 1992) to the west-southwest towards the Aegean-Cyprean arc system by major strike-slip faulting on the right-lateral North Anatolian Transform Fault Zone (NATFZ) and left-lateral East Anatolian Transform Fault Zone (EATFZ) (Dewey et al., 1986; Şengor, 1979; Şengor and Yilmaz, 1981 and references therein; Şengor et al., 1985; Dilek and Moores, 1990; Tatar et al., 1996; Hubert-Ferrari et al., 2003; Allen et al., 2004; Barazangi et al., 2006) at a slip rate of 24±1 and 9±1 mm/yr, respectively (McClusky et al., 2000). Major tectonic structures such as the Aegean-Cyprean arc system, NATFZ, EATFZ, and Dead Sea Fault Zone (DSFZ) have been played a key role on the neotectonic evolution of the eastern Mediterranean region especially in Late Cenozoic. The westward escape of the Anatolian plate has been accompanied by counterclockwise rotation as well as lateral translation deduced from GPS and paleomagnetic data (Tatar et al., 1996; Reilinger et al., 1997; Platzman et al., 1998; Gurer and Gurer, 1999; McClusky et al., 2000; Ozcep and Orbay, 2000; Bozkurt, 2001; Buyuksarac, 2007). Therefore, the timing of collision-induced westward extrusion of the Anatolian plate has been widely accepted as the commencement of the Neotectonic history of Turkey (Şengor and Yilmaz, 1981; Kocyigit et al., 2001). Kocyigit et al.

Tectonic Escape Mechanism in the Crustal Evolution of Eastern Anatolian Region (Turkey)