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This chapter attempts to build a bridge merging theoretical foundations and practical issues with a view to finding a better understanding of helping patients with autistic spectrum. The disorder is not only seen as a severe medical problem, but also as a socially neglected issue. A family with a disabled child or adolescent must cope with different problems depending on physical, psychological or economic conditions to name only a few of them. There must be a complex treatment for the disorder. It consists of many specialist methods, e.g. “holding therapy" techniques based on the TEACCH model, educational and behavioral programs pointed at social skills training or a psychotherapy directed at the psychological problems of a child or his/her parents if necessary. The psychotherapeutic method employed for autistic children and adolescents may become effective if there is a high level of functioning acquired. Nevertheless, there are some difficulties inherent when including individuals diagnosed with mental retardation into psychotherapy (Berry, 2003). The disorders of autistic spectrum are mostly chronic conditions and therefore require long-term therapeutic treatment. It seems natural that psychodynamic psychotherapy as additional help offered to an autistic person would be considered. The present content is to recognize potential connections between psychotherapy (mainly focusing on a psychodynamic approach) with individuals of ASD and the basis of the caring concept, primarily attributed to a nursing theory. On describing and adopting the thesis and philosophy of caring into psychotherapeutic practice on a psychodynamic work with children and adolescents of autistic spectrum the perspective of the relationship available within therapy is expected to be widened.

Philosophy of Caring in the Psychotherapy with Children and Adolescents Diagnosed with ASD