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The membrane process for industrial application is characterized by a large market profile, such as brackish and sea water desalination, the production of ultrapure water, or hemodialysis and a large number of small market segments in the food, chemical and pharmaceutical industries, analytical laboratories and especially in the treatment and purification of industrial waste water streams (Lonsdale, 1982; Mears, 1976). It is seemed to be difficult to make a reasonably accurate forecast about the future developments of the market for membranes (Strathmann, 2004). However, due to the fact that the environmental problem of Global Warming is increasing drastically resulting in that the demand of industrial water and fresh water with the required quality are steadily decreasing worldwide(Wang, & Hsieh, 2009). There should be a need for energy efficient and affordable processes for the production of high quality water from sea and brackish water sources as well as from waste or polluted surface waters. Since membrane processes have proven to be among the most energy efficient and economic means for this purpose it is quite likely that for the foreseeable future the membrane water purification industry will continue to grow (Hwang, & Kammermeyer, 1975). The growth will also depend on further developments of membranes with improved selectivity and higher fluxes as well as better chemical, thermal and mechanical stability. Long-term experience with their application in large plants will also contribute to increase the useful life of the membranes thus making the processes more reliable and economical (Huang, 1991). The separation of a metal ion from a multi-ionic mixture by selective transport through membrane processes was of importance from both fundamental and practical viewpoints owing to the serious lack of earth resource. For the selective permeation, the desired metal ion in a mixture has to be preferentially absorbed into the membrane phase and then be transported across the membrane phase. Subsequently, such membranes were used for desalination purposes (Helfferich, 1962). An appropriate driving force was essential for an uphill transport resulting in building up of the concentration of the permeating ion across the concentration gradient ( Nobel, 1987). The driving force could be due to difference in pH of the solutions, concentration difference of the permeating species or an electrical potential. The pH difference was generally responsible for the transport in liquid membrane systems,

Determination of Optimal Conditions for Separation of Metal Ions Through Membrane Dialysis/Electrodialysis Using Statistical Experimental Methods