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Ultrashort laser pulses with duration in the range between 10 and 100 ps play important role in many applications, such as microsurgery, micromachining, laser ranging, nonlinear optics etc. Methods enabling precise measurement of such pulses duration are therefore essential. Common silicon photodiodes used in combination with ordinary oscilloscopes cannot be used for such a precise measurement because of low temporal resolution of the whole system. Therefore, several sophisticated methods based on optical or electro-optical effects were developed in the past decades and are still widely used (Diels, 1995; Keller, 2007; Rulliere, 2003). The first method based on nonlinear optical effect is measurement of second order autocorrelation function of the measured light pulse. This function is always symmetric and does allow to obtain detailed information on the exact pulse shape and pulse duration is calculated assuming the certain pulse temporal profile. This method, which can be used either for single or repetitive pulses, is in principle very precise but has also several disadvantages. The whole measuring system has to be aligned precisely and the measured beam has to enter the system in accurately aligned angle. Precision depends also on control of the delay line used for scanning autocorrelation measurement. Because the resulting pulse length is in this case calculated frommany points, it is clear that it represents average value of the real pulses lengths and is difficult to evaluate pulse duration stability or study some other effects, i.e. pulse shortening under specific conditions. The single shot autocorrelators on the other hand can measure the autocorrelation function from only single laser shot but exact interpretation is not also unique. The only direct picosecond pulses measurement method based on electro optical effect uses a streak camera. This method allows to measure single pulse duration and shape but several consecutive pulses in the pulse train cannot bemeasured with sufficient temporal resolution. It is also necessary to carefully align whole measuring system and perform its rigorous calibration including readout. Repetitive signals as mode locked pulse trains from continuously pumped lasers can be measured using sampling oscilloscopes in combination with fast detectors enabling resolution in units of picoseconds. For signals with repetition rates below several kHz sampling oscilloscopes cannot be used and only real time oscilloscopes with lower resolution are available. In the past few years fast real time oscilloscopes with analog bandwidth up to 6

Single Shot Diagnostics of Quasi-Continuously Pumped Picosecond Lasers Using Fast Photodiode and Digital Oscilloscope