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The Andaman arc is the site of the giant mega-thrust earthquake of 2004 (Mw 9.3), one of the largest earthquakes that ever occurred globally (Lay et al., 2005). The earthquake originated at Bandah Aceh in the south, off the coast of northern Sumatra and ruptured a zone of about 1200 km cutting through the Andaman-Nicobar Islands. The focal mechanism given by the Harvard University indicated a thrust fault mechanism with a NW-SE trending plane. It is generally believed that this earthquake was caused by a sudden slip of the mega-thrust lock– up zone on the interface between the subducting Indo-Australian plate beneath the Burma plate (Sieh, 2005). Detailed marine seismic mapping across the subduction zone in the Sumatra region is, however, suggestive of a possible brittle failure at mantle depths (Singh et al., 2008). The Indian plate borders the Burmese plate along the Burma and Andaman arcs to the east. While the Indian plate obliquely subducts in the Andaman arc (Fitch, 1972; LeDain, 1984; Curray, 1979), it is believed to have a nearly strike-slip environment in the Burmese arc (LeDain, 1984; Kumar and Rao, 1995; Kumar et al., 1996; Vigny et al., 2003) with a possible cessation of subduction in the recent times (Rao and Kumar, 1999; Rao and Kalpna, 2005). The main tectonic features marking the India-Burma plate boundary are the Indo-Burman ranges in the north and the Andaman-Nicobar ridge to the south. To the east of the ridge lies the Andaman sea which is an active back-arc extensional basin (Curray, 2005) that was initiated about 4 million years ago (Raju et al., 2004), and exhibits transform faulting evidenced by strike-slip and normal fault earthquakes. The Burmese plate adjoins the Sunda plate to the east, along the NS trending Sagaing fault which is known to have a right lateral strike-slip motion. The West Andaman Fault and the Sumatran fault system are the major tectonic features towards southern Andaman, forming the continuity of the Sagaing fault across the Andaman-Nicobar ridge (Figure 1). On 10 August 2009, at 19:55:39 UTC an earthquake of magnitude 7.5 occurred to the north of the Andaman-Nicobar Islands off the coast of Diglipur Island at latitude 14.013o N and longitude 92.923o E (figure 1). The earthquake was felt not only in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands but also in several cities along the east coast of the Indian peninsula. This earthquake is considered significant due to its large size for a normal fault event in this

Structure and Tectonics of the Andaman Subduction Zone from Modeling of Seismological and Gravity Data