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This work was born from the need to verify an intuition: could platelets’ fatty acids, rather than the fatty acids of other cellular elements, in some way, be potential markers of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease and Major Depression? For this reason a research work has been set up that, besides the aid of the most advanced statistical methods, has also made use of the Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), in the shape and form of a Self-Organizing Map (SOM). The aim was to compare a group of apparently healthy subjects with two groups of subjects with different clinical diagnoses, one of depression and the other of ischemic heart disease. From the statistical evidence of the numerous parameters affected, we thought it would be appropriate to develop the SOM. The field of investigation has been narrowed down by reducing it to three of the fatty acids characterizing the two diseases and the pathological subjects (depressed and ischemic) and the normal ones have been placed onto the map obtained by the SOM, clearly distinguishing one from the other. Naturally conjectures, hypotheses and convictions accrued from long examinations and discussions of the data. Having at our disposal two neural networks that had proven to be effective in classifying the two pathologies, we were naturally curious to see how the two groups would behave at the moment when their data were fed into the networks, but crossing them (the ones of the ischemic patients in the depression network and those of the depressive patients in the ischemic network). The result was found to more or less uniformly corroborate the literature data, even if, of course, we are aware of the fact that it will be crucial to recruit from the field significant samples of patients affected by both clinically verified ischemia and depression. Also, we must not forget that in order to get an optimum recruitment, significant samples of normal subjects will also have to be selected, non-cardiopathic depressives and non-depressive heart disease patients. The four groups will obviously have to be balanced for age and sex. Caution, therefore, but accompanied by the evidence, by the concordances that are constantly observed in the SOM and that will have to be repeatedly examined in the light of new and increasingly more consistent testing, that, even seems to justify the interpretative

Platelet, Fatty Acids, Membrane Viscosity, Depression and Ischemic Heart Disease - Biological-Molecular Path, with Medical-Anthropology Insights