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Nature’s astonishing biological resilience is closely linked to its self cleansing mechanisms. In a hugely populated developing world, economic growth comes with a heavy price. A multitude of industrial and transportation processes produce noxious gases which are released into the atmosphere. Fortunately many of these developing countries, like India, are blessed with a highly convective tropical boundary layer which dilutes pollution. In addition most of these developing Asian countries also receive intense monsoonal precipitations. Another common feature of these Asian nations is that their vegetative cover is dominated by evergreen plants, in contrast to many mid-latitude nations in the developed world where the number of evergreens are far limited. However, it is ironical that despite these natural propensities air pollution levels over Asian cities are much higher than their mid latitude counter parts. The purpose of this chapter is to describe, formulate and quantify the removal pathways of SO2, a major air pollutant, through both dry and wet deposition whilst accounting for the endowments of nature enjoyed by tropical Asia. This is done via a detailed study on Asia’s Largest Lignite based Power PlantNeyveli Lignite Corporation (NLC) located in the Cuddalore district of Tamil Nadu in South India (Fig. 1). SO2 is produced during the generation of power from lignite coal and released from elevated stacks (Table 1). An in depth modelling analysis of these emissions is presented addressing the dispersion of SO2 in a tropical boundary layer using an atmospheric dispersion model developed as part of a consultancy with NLC and VIT University. The dry and wet deposition of the spatially distributed pollutant is then analyzed via suitable well established parameterizations. The quantification of removal mechanisms has a dual significance with respect to environmental studies. It is essential for calculating the atmospheric budget of trace gases as well as assessing the impact of emissions on local vegetation and structures due to acid deposition. Two factors make NLC a particularly well suited study area for the purposes of this chapter; an extensive evergreen urban canopy and the North East (NE) monsoon which brings intense showers to the region from October to December. Regional climatology including year round high solar radiation and mild, almost non-existent, winters (temperature around

Removal Mechanisms in a Tropical Boundary Layer: Quantification of Air Pollutant Removal Rates Around a Heavily Afforested Power Plant