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The human brain is a dynamic system that frequently changes functional mode (Lopes da Silva, 1991; Lopes da Silva, 1996). Spatiotemporal analysis of brain activities with regard to distinct spatial locations and frequency bands reveals task-specific brain activation which changes in a fraction of a second (Jensen & Vanni, 2002). At rest, Rolandic EEG and MEG rhythms are dominated by rhythmic activity around 10 (alpha band) and 20 (beta band) Hz. Electrocorticographic (Pfurtscheller et al., 1994) and neuromagnetic recordings have shown that the ~20-Hz rhythm mainly originates in the anterior bank of the central sulcus while the ~10-Hz rhythm is concentrated predominantly in the post-central cortex (Pfurtscheller & Lopes da Silva, 1999). These two frequency components appear to have different functional roles, with the ~20-Hz rhythm being more closely connected to movements and their termination and the ~10-Hz component behaving more like a classical “idling” rhythm (Salmelin et al., 1995). Voluntary movement is composed of three phases: planning, execution and recovery (Pfurtscheller et al., 1998a). It has been suggested that localized event-related alpha desynchronization (ERD) upon movement can be viewed as an EEG/MEG correlate of an activated cortical sensorimotor network, servicing planning and execution, while beta event-related synchronization (ERS) may reflect deactivation/inhibition during the recovery phase in the underlying cortical network (Pfurtscheller et al., 1996). Movement-related ERD and ERS have been used as probes to study neurophysiology in normal brains and pathophysiology in the diseased (Tamas et al., 2003). It has been reported that the diagnostic features of patients with Parkinson’s disease, in comparison with controls, are a slowing and suppression of the post-movement beta ERS independent of the amount of beta activity in the reference period (Pfurtscheller et al., 1998a). These findings imply that slowed and reduced recovery after the motor act impedes cortical preparation of the next movement (Pfurtscheller et al., 1996). Patients with Unverricht-Lundborg type myoclonic epilepsy demonstrate little rebound of beta activities contingent upon median nerve stimulation (Silen et al., 2000). The diminished beta ERS indicates that the myoclonic

Extraction of Single-Trial Post-Movement MEG Beta Synchronization in Normal and Parkinson's Patient Using ICA-Based Spatiotemporal Approach