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Anesthesia is used in surgery to minimize pain, shock, and discomfort for surgical patients. There are several types of anesthesia which can be used depending on the needs of the surgery: general, local, regional, and conscious sedation (Jones, 1994). When anesthesia works as expected, the patient feels no pain during a procedure, and often does not remember the proceedings either. Anesthesia increases patient comfort, which can in turn decrease recovery times. With the knowledge that they are not inflicting pain, it also makes it easier for a medical staff to work. When anesthesia comes to mind, most people think of general anesthesia. General anesthesia is a complete loss of consciousness in the patient accomplished through a combination of injected and inhaled drugs (Rampil, 1998). This type of anesthesia is often used for highly invasive surgeries or cases when total relaxation of the patient is required. General anesthesia carries the most surgical risk because of the state of complete unconsciousness. As a result, the anesthesiologist is essential in providing optimal working conditions for surgeons, and in ensuring patient safety and comfort. To achieve these endpoints, anesthesiologists employ a variety of drugs to alter cognitive processing, regulate cardiorespiratory functions, and block muscle movement. One major aspect of the practice is to use these drugs in quantities that warrant unconsciousness and the absence of response to surgical stress, while avoiding pharmacological toxicity (e.g., cardiac morbidity).

Estimation the Depth of Anesthesia by the Use of Artificial Neural Network