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Carbon dioxide (CO2) emission causes many environmental problems, such as global warming, which results in the rise of sea level. Currently, it is a mission for the whole world to control and reduce the emission of CO2. There is a great amount of CO2 being released from coal-fired power plants. Coal is expected to continue to be a prominent fuel for electricity production in the future (IEA, 2003; Thitalamol et al., 2007). CO2 mitigation options include energy efficiency improvements, the switch to less carbon-intensive fuels, nuclear power, renewable energy sources, enhancement of biological sinks, reduction of non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions and CO2 capture and storage (CCS). CCS has the potential to reduce overall mitigation costs and increase flexibility in achieving greenhouse gas emission reductions. The widespread application of CCS would depend on technical maturity, costs, overall potential, diffusion and transfer of the technology to developing countries and their capacity to apply the technology, regulatory aspects, environmental issues and public perception (IPCC, 2005). In order to mitigate the CO2 emission from coal-fired power plants, there are three main methods of CCS technologies such as post-combustion capture, pre-combustion capture and oxy-fuel combustion. Among them, the post-combustion method is the easiest method for the retrofitting of the current existing power plants. Limestone has been viewed as a potential sorbent for CO2 capture process because of its low-cost and easy access. The basic process of CO2 capture systems using lime was first outlined by Shimizu et al. (1999).

CaO-based CO2 Capture Technology and Its Application in Power Plants