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With the development of audio encoding standards and IP technology, voice over IP (VoIP) is becoming quite popular. However, high-quality voice data over current networks without QoS Support, such as Internet and UMTS, still posses several challenging problems because of the adverse effects caused by network bandwidth restrictions and complex dynamics. One approach to provide QoS for VoIP applications over the wireless networks is to use multiple paths to deliver VoIP data destined for a particular receiver, i.e., this data is fragmented into packets and the different packets take alternate routes to the receiver. One advantage of this approach is that the complexity of QoS provision can be pushed to the network edge and hence improve the scalability and deployment characteristics while at the same time provide a certain level of QoS guarantees. The common view among researchers of the next generation mobile communication is that it will be a heterogeneous network environment, offering seamless services such as VoIP across multiple wireless access technologies. In the future there will be more multimode devices which can access multiple radio access networks. Moreover in the future we will see greater overlap between the coverage provided by the differing access technologies as Fig. 1. A host is multi-homed if it can be addressed by multiple IP addresses, as is the common case when the host has multiple network interfaces. Multi-homing is increasingly economically feasible and can be expected to be the rule rather than the exception in the near future. This chapter proposed a novel transport layer solution cmpSCTP that aims at exploiting SCTP’s multi-homing capability by selecting several paths among multiple available network interfaces to improve data transfer rate to the same multi-homed device. As such, it is naturally leads to another two new issues: (1) How to select most appropriate paths for CMT. As different paths are likely to overlap each other and even share bottleneck which lurks behind the IP/network layer topology, it is necessary to fall back on end-to-end probes to estimate this correlation by analyzing path characteristics so that we can select multiple independent paths as much as possible; (2) How to seamless handover paths for mobility. Using cmpSCTP’s flexible path management capability, we may switch the flow between multiple paths automatically to realize the seamless handover called Latent Handover, which is flow-oriented and switches the traffic to the new path progressively to make the handover process unconscious to users or upper layer applications, especially for real-time

Multi-Path Transmission, Selection and Handover Mechanism for High-Quality VoIP