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In most branches of physics, a controlled manipulation of the considered system has proven to be extremely useful to study fundamental system properties, and to facilitate a broad range of applications. A prominent example for this is quantum optics or laser physics in general, for instance related to light-matter interactions on the level of single quantum objects (Letokhov, 1977, 1984; Delone & Kraynov, 1984, 1995, 1999; Allen & Eberly, 1987; Kleppner,et al, 1991; Fedorov, 1995; Scully & Zubairy, 1997; Friedberg, et al 2003; Popov, 2004; Ficek & Swain, 2005; Shahbaz et al, 2006; Burvenich et al, 2006; Muller et al, 2008; Glushkov et al, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2008, 2009) . Similar control is also possible at lower driving field frequencies, e.g., with NMR techniques in the microwave frequency region. Towards higher frequencies, in particular the development and deployment of high-intensity lasers have opened the doors to new fascinating areas of physics of light-matter interactions. Laser fields reach and succeed the Coulomb field strength experienced by the electrons due to the nucleus and thus give rise to a plethora of exciting phenomena. The above examples have in common that they focus on the interaction of the driving fields with the outer electron shell of the atoms. Now it is clear that direct laser-atom and nucleus interactions may indeed become of relevance in future experiments employing x-ray lasers, opening the field of highintensity atomic and nuclear quantum optics. In particular, the coherence of the laser light expected from new sources such as TESLA XFEL is the essential feature which may allow to access extended coherence or interference phenomena reminiscent of atomic quantum optics. Such laser facilities, especially in conjunction with moderate acceleration of the target atoms and nuclei to match photon and transition frequency, may thus enable to achieve nuclear Rabi oscillations, photon echoes or more advanced quantum optical schemes in atoms, nuclei, molecules, clusters, bose-condensate etc . The interaction of the atomic systems with the external alternating fields, in particular, laser fields has been the subject of intensive experimental and theoretical investigation (Holt et

Energy Approach to Atoms in a Laser Filed and Quantum Dynamics with Laser Pulses of Different Shape