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O presente artigo trata da questao da forma federalista de organizacao do Estado Brasileiro e suas implicacoes na organizacao politico-economica em territorio nacional. Uma das possibilidades que apresenta esta forma de estado e a da autonomia de seus entes federados, a nivel municipal. Em âmbito municipal esta consideracao resulta em processos de emancipacao de distritos, com vistas a adquirir o status de municipio autonomo. Entretanto a emancipacao sem criterios adequados de avaliacao socioeconomica dos distritos envolvidos acaba por gerar municipios pequenos, muitos abaixo de 10 mil habitantes e “dependentes” de repasses do governo para sanarem suas contas publicas. Este artigo articula este debate e apresenta um breve estudo de caso sobre a dependencia de repasses do governo da cidade de Santa Cruz de Minas, que emancipou-se recentemente da cidade de Tiradentes e curiosamente recebe o titulo de a menor cidade do Brasil em extensao territorial. Palavras-chave: federalismo, emancipacao, autonomia, dependencia municipal, Santa Cruz de Minas. Abstract This present article discusses the issue of federalism form of the Brazilian State organization and its implications in the political-economic organization in national territory. One of some possibilities that this form of state shows is the autonomy of its federal entities, in municipal level. In municipal field this concern results in emancipation district process, aspiring to acquire the autonomous municipality status. However the emancipation process without appropriate socioeconomics analysis criteria of the involved districts results in creation of small towns, many below 10 thousand inhabitants and “dependent” of government transfers to remedy its public accounts. This article articulates this debate and presents a short case study about the government transfers dependency of the city of Santa Cruz de Minas, that it’s emancipated recently to the city of Tiradentes and curiously receives the title of the smallest city of Brazil in territorial extension. Keywords: federalism, emancipation, autonomy, municipal dependence, Santa Cruz de Minas

caderno de geografia

Federalismo, emancipação e dependência de municípios: uma análise da cidade de Santa Cruz de Minas-MG / Federalism, emancipation and dependence of municipalities: an analysis of Santa Cruz de Minas city-MG