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The effect of melatonin on in vitro embryo development and the expression of antioxidant enzyme gene in preimplantation porcine embryos was determined by modified semi-quantitative single cell RT-PCR. Porcine embryos derived from in vitro maturation /in vitro fertilization were cultured in 5% CO2 and 20% O2 at 37°C in NCSU23 medium. Melatonin was added to medium at concentration of 1nM, 5 nM, and 10 nM. When treated with 1nM (39.0%) of melatonin, the developmental rate of embryos beyond the morula stage were higher than that of control group (31.0%) (p<0.05). Number of inner cell mass and tropectoderm cell in control (23.0±0.5 and 17.3±0.8), 1 nM (23.6±0.6 and 19.0±0.5), and 5 nM (23.3±1.1 and 16.3±0.8) treated with melatonin were higher than in 10 nM (20.0±0.5 and 13.3±0.8) treated with melatonin (p<0.05). To develop an mRNA phenotypic map for the expression of catalase, bax and caspase-3, single cell RT-PCR analysis were carried out in porcine IVM/IVF embryo. Catalase was detected in 0, 1 and 5 nM supplemented with melatonin, but bax and caspase-3 were detected in 10 nM treated with melatonin. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2005. Vol 18, No. 1 : 17-21)

Effects of Melatonin on Gene Expression of IVM/IVF Porcine Embryos