English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

I. Newborn infants may fail to establish effective ventilation at birth for any of several reasons. A. Premature infants with immature surfactant system who are at high risk of hyaline membrane disease (HMD). B. Extremely low birth weight with or without mature surfactant system but with weak respiratory muscles and a compliant chest wall. C. Infants who had intrapartum asphyxia which: 1. Increases risk of severity of HMD in infants with immature lungs 2. Can lead to a form of respiratory distress in infants with mature lungs D. Many of these infants require assisted ventilation at birth. II. Hyaline membrane disease occurs when the surfactant system is immature. However, the pathology of clinical HMD includes secondary changes which result from pulmonary ischemia and from ventilation of the surfactant deficient lung. A. Increased capillary permeability 1. Pulmonary edema 2. Plasma proteins in air spaces B. Interstitial hemorrhage C. Denuded airway epithelium III . Establishment of effective ventilation after birth: A. High distending pressures needed for initial inflation of the airless lung. B. Creation on a functional residual capacity (FRC) 1. Air retained during exhalation phase of first breaths 2. Dependent on anti-atelectatic effect of surfactant 3. As FRC increases, compliance increases (CL) and the pressure required for ventilation decreases C. Absorption of fetal lung fluid 1. Absorption before birth 2. Absorption after birth 3. Further increase in CL as fluid is absorbed IV. Pulmonary surfactant A. Synthesis in type II alveolar cells B. Secretion from cells into subphase C. Rapid absorption to fluid: gas interface

The changing lung function at birth and the implications for resuscitation and for the prevention of hyaline membrane disease