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I n t r o d u c t i o n The understanding of marine ecosystems requires long-term historical data. Unfortunately, population dynamics data of marine species are much like Hobbes' view of the life of primitive humans: nasty, brutish, and short. The data are nasty because the estimation error is often large and there are frequently gross errors in the recording or transcription of the data. The data are brutish as they are often unstandardized, in unpublished government reports, not in a computer readable format, and organized in ways that make them difficult, if not impossible, to comprehend. The data are short, as the collection of population dynamics data for marine species usually involves a tremendous investment of time and resources. And yet, to answer many of the crittion makes it almost impossible for an individual researcher to collate enough of the data to come to broad, scientifically valid conclusions. Coupled with the paucity of historical data, it is almost impossible to model and understand changes at a population level, much less a community level (Dayton et al., 1995). The historical information is of particular importance in determining the true productivity that marine systems may be able to sustain, and the loss of historical data results in the "shifting baseline syndrome" (Pauly, 1995). Here, I will describe my' attempts to compile and synthesize much of the world population dynamics data on exploited fish and aquatic invertebrate species as well as describe future plans for extending the database. The ical questions in the conservation, optimal management , and unders tanding of marine ecosystems requires the synthesis of historical and dynamic data from diverse sources and species. As an example, without the analysis of a very large data set, we would not have known that a large distinctive marine fish had been lost from much of its range (Casey and Myers, 1998). There is thus a pressing need to archive, disseminate and synthesize data on the dynamics of marine populations and communities in order to understand and deal with massive human impacts (overfishing, species invasions, climate change) currently occurring (Goldberg, 1995; Cohen and Carlton, 1998; Ruiz et al., 1997). At present, the scattered nature of the informaAt present, the scattered nature of the information makes it almost impossible for an individual researcher to collate enough of the data to come to broad, scientifically valid conclusions. basic idea of this research is that a synthetic approach will allow questions to be addressed that in the past were simply beyond our grasp. The fundamental goals of the project are: (1) to make dynamic data available for research and education; (2) to establish a structure that allows data to be accumulated in a standardized form, and so that it can be easily used by other researchers; (3) to preserve historical data so that changes can be detected; (4) to allow the use of metaanalytic techniques to improve our understanding of population and community dynamics; and (5) to provide inputs and tests for ecosystem models.

oceanography

The Synthesis of Dynamic and Historical Data on Marine Populations and Communities: Putting Dynamics Into the Ocean Biogeographical Information System (OBIS)