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The study examined the effect of levamisole on the natural cytotoxic cell (NCC) activity of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) head kidney (HK) leukocytes. In vitro, HK leukocytes were incubated with to ng of levamisole/ml for 5, 20 or 40 h and then their NCC activity against target cells was assayed. The NCC activity appeared to increase after a 20 h of incubation. In vivo, tilapia were fed commercial diet containing 0, 50, 100 or 300 mg of levamisole/kg for 12 consecutive days. Then, the fish were fed a commercial normal diet and samples harvested weekly 0 to 8 weeks after levamisole administration. The NCC activity was augmented uniformly at all times examined until the end of the experiment. In conclusion, levamisole effectively enhanced and maintained tilapia NCC activity.

Effect of Levamisole on Enhancing Natural Cytotoxic Cell Activity in Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus