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Objective: We investigated the effect of supplementing fertilization medium and/or culture medium with astaxanthin (AST) on the two phases of in vitro fertilization: gamete fertilization and embryo development.  Methods: Mouse cumulus-oocyte complexes were divided into four groups with 5 µM AST added to the fertilization medium (group 3, n=300), culture medium (group 2, n=300), or both media (group 4, n=290). No AST was added to the control group (group 1, n=300). Results: The fertilization rate was significantly higher (p&lt;0.001) in the groups using AST supplemented fertilization medium (group 3 [79.0%] and group 4 [81.4%]) than those without AST (group 1 [56.3%] and group 2 [52.3%]). The blastocyst rate calculated from the two-cell stage was significantly lower (p&lt;0.001) in the groups using AST-supplemented embryo culture medium (groups 2 [58.0%] and 4 [62.3%]) than in those without AST (groups 1 [82.8%] and 3 [79.8%]). The blastocyst rate calculated from the number of inseminated oocytes was highest in group 3 (189/300, 63.0%) and lowest in group 2 (91/300, 30.3%) with statistical significance compared to other groups (p&lt;0.001). There were significantly higher numbers of cells in the inner cell mass and trophectoderm, as well as significantly higher total blastocyst cell counts, in group 3 than in the control group.Conclusion: An increased blastocyst formation rate and high-quality blastocysts were found only in the fertilization medium that had been supplemented with AST. In contrast, AST supplementation of the embryo culture medium was found to impair embryo development.

Effects of astaxanthin supplementation in fertilization medium and/or culture medium on the fertilization and development of mouse oocytes