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A ternary diagram for nonionic surfactant-oil-water system was studied and the region of stable and strongly opaque emulsion (the region E1) was determined on the diagram. It was found that the E1 region existed only within the two-phase region consisting of a viscous isotropic phase and an oil phase, and that at least 10% surfactant was necessary to obtain this region.The quarternary system containing cetostearyl alcohol in addition to the ternary system was also examined. Addition of the alcohol produced a new stable region of strongly opaque emulsion (the region E2) besides E1. The appearance of the region E2 reduced the minimum surfactant concentration to obtain the stable and strongly opaque emulsion to about 2%. Similar effect was observed for behenyl alcohol of cosmetic grade, which is also a mixture of alcohols. However, pure alcohols of carbon numders from 12 to 16 lacked the ability to form the E2 region. Those of carbon numbers of 18 and 20 gave the E2 region but only above the surfactant concentration of 5%.

Stable Emulsion Regions of Surfactant-Oil-Water and Surfactant-Oil-Water-Long Chain Alcohol Systems