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Pregabalin, a useful drug for neuropathic pain, has a high incidence of dizziness and somnolence as side effects. In the present study, the incidence of both side effects and the risk factors were retrospectively investigated in hospitalized patients who were administered pregabalin after their admission. In 65 patients (median 68 years old), 34 cancer patients and 18 opioid users were included. Items studied were cancer/non-cancer, opioid user/non-user, fall/nonfall, age, sex, weight, daily dose of opioids, the number of the drugs that may cause dizziness and somnolence, daily dose of pregabalin, and the ratio of creatinine clearance to daily dose of pregabalin. Fourteen (21.5%) and 21 (23.3%) patients developed dizziness and somnolence, respectively, and 4 (6.1%) patients developed fall. In the case of opioid combination, 7 (38.9%) and 10 (55.6%) patients developed dizziness and somnolence, respectively. A logistic-regression analysis showed that opioid use is a significant augmenting risk factor for dizziness (P = 0.026) and somnolence (P = 0.016) of pregabalin. The ratios of daily dose of pregabalin to creatinine clearance did not show any relation to the incidence of dizziness and somnolence; both side effects were observed in some patients whose renal functions were normal. It is suggested that attention is necessary to the incidence of dizziness and somnolence regardless of renal function, and that particular attention is required when opioids, which have similar side effects, are combined with pregabalin.

Risk Factors Associated with Dizziness and Somnolence in Hospitalized Patients Receiving Pregabalin