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Accessibility addresses a wide range of urban and transportation issues and is a subject of increasing interest. In this article we utilize GIS to measure and examine intra-metropolitan variation in job accessibility by commuting time and mode for Tokyo. In order to take into account spatial distributions of jobs and workers as well as travel modes, we employ the floating catchment area method and estimate origin-to-destination commuting times for auto and public transit . Three-dimensional visualization reveals that job accessibility varies considerably by location and commuting mode, but the spatial variability tends to lessen as the threshold of travel time lengthens. The empirical measures of job accessibility provide data useful for examining jobs-housing balance and commuting patterns .

Spatial Dimensions of Job Accessibility by Commuting Time and Mode in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area