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The mechanisms of host resistance against the bacterial or viral infection located in the upper respiratory tract were studied with special reference to lysozyme, sialic acid and interferon. The activity of lysozyme was found to be high in the nasal secretion and saliva, while that of the tonsil was low. The sialic acid, a receptor for myxovirus, was also detected in high amount in the nasal secretion. Considering the increase in response to infection, we found that lysozyme and sialic acid played an important defensive role in bacterial or viral infections in the upper respiratory tract.Interferon, a naturally-occurring broad-spectrum antiviral factor, was observed to protect against the deterioration of the ciliary movement of the nasal mucosa caused by viral injection.Importance of local nonspecific host-resistant mechanisms including the abovementioned factors was emphasized, as well as that of specific immunological mechanisms against the upper respiratory tract infection.

Nonspecific Host Resistance in the Upper Resiratory Tract Lysozyme, Sialic Acid and Interferon