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The aim of the study was to investigate whether egg disinfectants have a toxic effect on the tissuesof the developing chicken embryo. The basic active ingredients of the disinfectants tested werequaternary ammonium compounds (Amino-Steril); stabilized peracetic acid and hydrogen peroxide(Oxydion); glutaraldehyde, didecyldimethylammonium chloride, quaternary ammonium compoundsand benzyl-C12-C16-alkyldimethyl (Viron FF); and stabilized hydrogen peroxide (Hydro-Clean). Thetests were performed on hatching eggs from Ross 308 parent stock. The potential adverse effects ofaqueous solutions of the disinfectants were tested in vitro using the Hen’s Egg Test – ChorioallantoicMembrane (HET-CAM). The results were confirmed in in vivo tests by analysing the hatchability ofdisinfected eggs. In the in vitro tests, aqueous solutions of the disinfectants with concentrations of1%, 0.5%, 0.25% and 0.125% were spotted onto previously prepared chorioallantoic membranes oflive eight-day-old chicken embryos (n = 8 embryos/disinfectant/concentration). The toxicity of thesubstances was assessed on the basis of the occurrence of hyperaemia, haemorrhage, and coagulationof the blood vessels of the membrane after 0.5, 2 and 5 minutes, using the 21-point Luepke scale. Thein vivo testing consisted of two experiments conducted under production conditions, using eggs fromflocks in the peak (37th week of life) and the final (54th week) laying periods. The eggs were sprayedwith a 1% aqueous solution of disinfectant (400 eggs/disinfectant/experiment) about 2 hours beforeincubation. Hatching results, the stage of embryonic development at the time of death and any casesof infection were evaluated. The HET-CAM tests showed that the 1% solutions of the disinfectantsinduced strong (Hydro-Clean), moderate (Oxydion and Amino-Steril) and weak (Viron FF) reactions,while the 0.125% concentration produced a weak reaction or none. Analysis of hatching results showedthat they were not affected by the disinfectants. However, in the case of laying hens in their finalproduction period, spraying with aqueous solutions of each agent reduced losses due to early embryomortality. In conclusion, the disinfectants tested can be safely used in poultry hatcheries

Assessment of the effect of selected substances used for disinfection of hatching eggs on hatching results in chickens