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Sinologists are often fond of Chinese culture, if not China. Sinologists of Communist and post-Communist states are no exception. They are capable of deeper readings of contemporary phenomena in China and usually patient with diffi culties arising out of Chinese conditions. This reputation has made the lives of Sinologists miserable whenever their governments and the Chinese Communist Party were trapped in political disagreement. There have been lucky ones who found an alternative career in foreign services. The less fortunate among the Sinologists though, in order to survive their ‘politically incorrect knowledge’, have had to learn to make use of their skills in service of their countries, by analyzing in what way the Chinese leadership had been mistaken. Older generations of Sinologists, some of them educated in China, and who were all trained before the China policy of their countries turned negative, have traditionally been reluctant to heavily criticize China or the Chinese people. These early post-war generations have privately remained faithful to their subject matter and directed their criticism exclusively at the Cultural Revolutionary leadership. It is noticeable that their students have managed to follow a similar pattern of avoiding politics when engaging China and Chinese subjects. This is particularly true for those who have come from a family background that has tied them to China or Chinese studies since childhood. The stories of Sinologists are therefore full of personal sensitivities, in the face of a greater foreign policy background beyond their control. Sinologists in the post-Communist-party states have been shaped by cycles of change since the end of World War II. Despite their various intellectual traditions, each embedded in its own past, similar political interventions, which were externally defi ned by the Cold War and internally by Communist-party rule, shaped the training and the fate of Sinologists according to the rise and fall of the Soviet Union. There were active exchanges between these countries and China in the 1950s. The Sino-Soviet rift virtually froze such bilateral academic relationships. Scholars having received their language training in China lost the legitimacy to continue their research at home. Younger generations could learn the

Being Sinologists in Post-Communist-party States: Reflections from Czech, Poland and Russia