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copying the title of an article published in 20121 by Graham Quinn (USA), Brian Darlow (NZ) and Andrea Zin (UK), international reference leaders in the field of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) prevention, diagnosis and management. Knowledge on the cascade of vasoproliferative factors involved in the development of the retinal vasculature raised the interest in the use of antiangiogenic drugs for severe ROP treatment. Bevacizumab has been publicized as one of the most effective drugs. A randomized, multicenter study (14 hospitals from Texas, USA) conducted by Mintz-Hittner et al.,2 called BEAT-ROP, and published by the New Engl J Med in 2011 in spite of the small population enrolled (143 infants treated, 286 eyes), concluded boosting the use of Avastin® (bevacizumab) as the treatment of choice for zone I severe ROP or aggressive posterior ROP (AP-ROP),3 also known as “rush” disease due to its rapid progress to retinal detachment. The actual effectiveness of this off-label use (not validated by the manufacturer) led to a rapidly growing use of bevacizumab without consideration of its potential side effects. The BEAT-ROP study was not designed to assess the ocular and general side effects of bevacizumab. It also omitted to study the serum drug concentration and the time it remains in the bloodstream or its excretion (it has been detected up to 15 days following intraocular administration). It is worth noting that ROP develops at a gestational age when lung, kidney and brain vessels, among others, grow rapidly. The interruption of such growth by the direct action of anti-angiogenic drugs may result in severe, still unknown, sequelae in the long term. H o w e v e r , f o r t h o s e o f u s w h o h a v e experienced ROP from the times of retrolental fibroplasia (RLF) as nothing but witnesses of terminal blindness, followed by the first classification in 1984, which allowed us to settle in “time and space”, up to the subsequent cryotherapy and laser treatment for retinal ablation and their varying outcomes and side effects, the physiopathological interpretation presented in March 2001 by the Swedish group led by Ann Hellstrom4 in Proceedings of the Use and abuse of anti-angiogenic drugs for Retinopathy of Prematurity treatment in Argentina in 2015

Use and abuse of anti-angiogenic drugs for Retinopathy of Prematurity treatment in Argentina, 2015