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Atomic force microscopy with chemically modified tips was used to evaluate the inter fiber bonding properties of typical wood pulp fibers. Using –OH functionalized AFM tips as a model of cellulosic pulp fiber surfaces, pull-off forces and work of adhesion were measured in aqueous media. Three distinct tip-surface interactions were identified from force-displacement curves, representing three typical surface conditions of wet pulp fiber surfaces: solid, swollen and micro-fibrillated. The work of adhesion calculated shows that van der Waals forces are the major contributing factor on non-swollen solid regions of fiber surfaces. The difference in inter-molecular bond strength of different pulp fibers is relatively small. The inter-fiber bonding properties of pulp fibers are mainly controlled by the surface deformability, which determines the area of molecular contact at fiber-fiber physical interaction points. </span

Evaluation of Inter-fiber Bonding in Wood Pulp Fibers by Chemical Force Microscopy