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One of the hazardous by-products of steelmaking industry is the electric arc furnace dust EAFD. It has been estimated that per each ton of produced steel there are about 15-20 kg of EAFD. Due to containing heavy metals such as Zinc, Cobalt, Copper, Lead or Cadmium, this dust has been classified as hazardous, and therefore it should be treated appropriately to protect the environment. Solidification/stabilization was used in this study to treat this hazardous dust. One type of asphalt cement and one type of aggregate were used in this study. EAFD was used as an additive to the asphalt cement with five contents (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) by volume of binder. Marshall specimens were prepared using the five concentrations of this material. Marshall stability, flow, unit weight, voids in mineral aggregate (VMA), air voids, voids filled with binder (VFB), and stiffness of asphalt concrete mixtures were analyzed. Test results show that stability, unit weight, voids filled with bitumen (VFB) and stiffness increase then decrease with the increasing % EAFD in the asphalt concrete mixtures. Flow increases with the increasing of % EAFD in the asphalt concrete mixtures while VMA and air voids decrease then increase with the increasing % EAFD in the asphalt concrete mixtures. A 5% EAFD content by volume of binder is found to meet the criteria of Marshall properties of asphalt mixtures. Finally it has been concluded that the results are promising for dual achievement (1) to solve an environmental problem and (2) to use the dust for road construction.

Laboratory Investigation to Evaluate the Effect of Electric Arc Furnace Dust (EAFD) on Properties of Asphalt Concrete