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The rotation anomaly of outer branches of spiral galaxies can be explained on the basis by a gravitational theory published in 2008. It is based on the interaction of charges with electromagnetic radiation with ultralong wavelengths which were generated by the Big Bang and which are densely distributed in the expanding space. The cross section of the interaction of charges with these waves depends on the Rayleigh scattering governed by the well known - factor to the fourth, where ω is the frequency of the wave and ω p the “natural frequency” of the particle. Natural frequency means that charges respectively matter oscillate with higher frequency. The -factor implies an increase of the gravitation constant with increasing length of path in space and gives a possible explanation of why stars in outer spirals move with higher orbital velocity.

Dark Matter-Like Effects in Spiral Galaxies Caused by Intense Isotropic Background Radiation of Ultralong Wavelength Photons