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Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is an external factor for skin disorders including tanning, hyperpigmentation, cancer and immunomodulation.1 Repeated exposure to suberythemal UV irradiation activates melanin synthesis which results in increased melanin content in human skin.2 UV also induces oxidative stress through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induces DNA damage in keratinocytes and activates p53.3 Then, p53 stimulates opiomelanocortin (POMC) gene expression, the product of which is cleaved to produce α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone and β-endorphin.4 In turn α-MSH induces the upregulation of tyrosinase enzyme which is the rate limiting enzyme for melanin synthesis in melanocytes.5 Thus, tyrosinase is a target for melanogenesis inhibition. In addition, free radical scavenging activity is also a desirable property for skin whitening agents.6

Antioxidant and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Properties of an Aqueous Extract of Garcinia atroviridis Griff. ex. T. Anderson Fruit Pericarps