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Cordia sebestena L. is also known as Geiger tree, belong to family Boraginaceae. The family Boraginaceae consists of about 2.700 species which are distributed in tropical, sub-tropical and warmer regions around the world. It grows up to 25 feet in tropical as well as subtropical countries. Hawaiians refer to the plant C. sebestena as Kou Haole though, which means a “foreign plant”. This plant is an evergreen tree that flowers throughout much of the year, but is at its best in June and July. In Hawaiian Islands the plants are used for many traditional items ranging from canoes to food vessels.1 The plants were planted in tropical and sub-tropical countries, included Jakarta, Indonesia. Cordia sebestena plant indicated also possess various pharmacological activities such as hepatoprotective activity2, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and potent antioxidant3, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity4, antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus5, antiulcer6, antidiabetic activity7, and the essential oil showed a potential antioxidant in the in-vitro analysis.8 Sebestenoids A-D (1-4) were isolated from bioassay-guided fractionation prepared from the Cordia sebestena fruit extract.9 The authentication of the starting material is essential to ensure the reproducible quality of herbal products.10 The World Health Organization (WHO,1998)11, has described guiding principles for the standardization of medicinal plants with regard to their macroscopic and microscopic description. Although the C. sebestena plant widely studies, especially in the pharmacology activities, there is no studies characterizing the botanical (macrosand microscopic) have been published. The correct species material identification is an important step for researches reproducibility and the standardization is one of the parameters required for quality control of the drug. The present study was undertaken with the objective to study the anatomical characteristics of the stem, leaf, and preliminary phytochemical screening of C. sebestena.

Pharmacognostical and Preliminary Phytochemical Evaluation of Cordia sebestena L.