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In this paper, we propose an equivalent model of array antennas that use open-ended waveguides for effective EM simulation. We first investigate an individual element that consists of an open-ended waveguide and square ground plane. The waveguide length, aperture size, and ground size of the individual element are adjusted to give a similar radiation pattern to that of the individual element of the original antenna. We then apply the designed equivalent model to two different types of array antennas, such as a microstrip patch array and a waveguide array antenna. Comparison of the simulation results using the equivalent model with the results obtained with the original antenna reveals a difference in gain of less than 0.2 dB and a difference in half power beam width(HPBW) of less than 1°. The designed equivalent model is then mounted on a simple aircraft, and the simulation results are again compared to results from the original antenna. We find a 60 % reduction in simulation resources and time when compared with the original antenna model.

Design of an Equivalent Antenna Model for Array Antennas Using Open-Ended Waveguide