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We derive the Z-parameters for the two coupled antennas used for wireless power transfer under the assumption that the antennas are canonical minimum scattering antennas. Using the Z-parameter and the maximum power transfer efficiency formula, we determine the maximum power transfer efficiency of wireless power transfer systems. The results showed that the maximum power transfer efficiency increases as the mode number or the radiation efficiency increases. To verify the theory, we fabricate and measure two different power transfer systems: one comprises two antennas generating TM 01 mode; the other comprises two antennas generating TM 02 mode. When the distance between the centers of the antennas was 30 cm, the maximum power transfer efficiency of the antennas generating the TM 02 mode increased by 62 % compared to that of the antennas generating the TM 01 mode.

Enhancement of Wireless Power Transfer Efficiency Using Higher Order Spherical Modes