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The spatial distributions of approximately 160 diatom taxa from surface sediments of the plateau dee- p-water Lugu Lake were investigated. The results exhibited a change in the sediment diatom composition with increasing water depth. The main patterns of variation, derived from a principal component analysis (PCA) and detrended correspondence analysis (DCA), showed that diatom community composition was divided into three depth gradients (near-shore zone; mid-depth zone; profundal deep zone). With increasing depth, the pattern of predominantly periphytic taxa in the shallow waters changed to planktonic assemblages dominated by Cyclotella ocellata, Asterionella formosa and Cyclostephanos dubius. Diatom species diversity decreased from the shallow near-shore zone to the deeper open waters. In addition, there was an increase in the ratio of planktonic to periphy- tic diatoms at depths >30 m. These distinct spatial patterns in diatom distribution are clear markers of current water levels within Lake Lugu and represent a benchmark for evaluating paleolimnological changes in water levels, which can be an indirect proxy of regional climate in this monsoon region of southern Asia.

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Linking spatial distributions of sediment diatom assemblages with hydrological depth profiles in a plateau deep-water lake system of subtropical China.