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The in vitro effect of stone-wool has been studied in primary cultures of pulmonary alveolar macrophages (AM) and type II pneumocytes (T2) by morphological, biochemical and immunological methods. UICC crocidolite was applied as a positive control. Although stone-wool brought about frustrated phagocytosis, it did not induce serious membrane damage, whereas crocidolite gave rise to very severe membrane alterations. Stone-wool significantly reduced the activity of Cu,Zn/superoxide dismutase (SOD) in alveolar macrophages and significantly decreased the activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) in pneumocytes type II. Crocidolite, on the other hand, decreased the activity of all enzymes (glutathione peroxidase - GSH-Px, glutathione reductase - GSH-Rd) of glutathione metabolism in alveolar macrophages. It decreased the activity of all enzymes in pneumocytes type II except for Cu,Zn/SOD. After exposure to stone-wool, the production of inflammatory proteins, macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inhibitory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) increased in both cultured cells but did not reach the level induced by crocidolite. Although this study provided a useful insight in the toxicity of the stone-wool, we can not draw the conclusions how the intact pulmonary tissue may respond on the exposure to these fibres, exclusively based on the in vitro tests.

THE EFFECT OF ASBESTOS AND STONE-WOOL FIBRES ON SOME CHEMOKINES AND REDOX SYSTEM OF PULMONARY ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES AND PNEUMOCYTES TYPE II